LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)
Life Cycle Assessment is a method used to identify, report and manage environmental impacts at different stages of the life cycle, starting with the acquisition of raw materials used in the production of a product or service, including all relevant production, shipment, use by the consumer and disposal as waste after use.
As a result of the developments in technology and living standards in parallel with the increasing environmental awareness, the traditional parameters (such as the cost and performance of any kind of project to the society) and components such as the use of natural resources and the possibility of causing global environmental problems are the factors that are increasingly taken into consideration in decision-making processes comes out.
Since the beginning of the 90s, Life Cycle Assessment is a method that has been used more and more frequently in these complex decision-making processes and is constantly being developed.
LCA - Life Cycle Assessment Stages
1. Goal and Scoping: At this stage, the purpose, scope, boundaries and level of elaboration of the study are defined.
2. Inventory Analysis: At this stage, energy, water, raw material usage and related environmental releases to be realized within the scope of the system studied is determined.
3. Impact Assessment: The potential effects of energy, water, raw material usage and environmental releases identified during the inventory analysis stage on human health and environmental values are evaluated.
4. Interpretation: The results of the inventory analysis and impact assessment stages are evaluated and the product, process or service to be preferred is selected among those compared. Assumptions and uncertainties made during this selection are clearly stated within the scope of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).