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Nowadays, the issue of the fight against climate change is one of the most important topic of the world's countries, and the correct management and consumption of water resources is now the responsibility of everyone on a global scale.


Accordingly,
various studies have been carried out for the correct management of water use
and reduction of consumption, and it has become necessary to make a measurement
in terms of reducing consumption. As it is known, we can not manage anything
that we can not measure. The process by which this measurement will be made is
called ‘Water Footprint’.
The
water footprint can be regarded
as a comprehensive indicator of freshwater resources appropriation next to the
traditional and restricted measure of water withdrawal. The water footprint of
a product is the volume of freshwater used to produce the product, measured
over the full supply chain. It is a multidimensional indicator showing water
consumption volumes by source and polluted volumes by types of pollution; all
components of a total water footprint are specified geographically and
temporally.
The blue
water footprint refers to the
consumption of blue water resources (surface and groundwater) along the supply
chain of a product. "Consumption" refers to the loss of water from
the available ground surface water body in a catchment area. Losses occur when
water evaporates, returns to another catchment area or sea or is incorporated
into a product.
The
green water footprint
refers to the consumption of green water resources (rainwater insofar as it
does not become run-off).
Gray
water footprint refers to
pollution and is defined as the volume of fresh water that is required to
assimilate the load of pollutants given natural background concentrations and existing
ambient water quality standards.
The water
footprint is an indicator of freshwater use that looks not only at direct water
use of a consumer or producer, but also at indirect water use.
The
ISO 14046 Standard has been developed by ISO, which provides guidance on
Calculating the Water Footprint. Institutions can reveal their Water Footprints
by according to the ISO 14046 Standard. In order for the calculated Water
Footprint to be accepted internationally, the verification process is carried
out by receiving services from the institutions that provide verification
services on ISO 14046.
BENEFITS
· Ensuring
efficiency through consumption and cost reduction
· Innovation
through organizational, product and service footprint,
·
Strategic, reliable basis for decision making,
· Determining
and implementing a long-term climate change mitigation strategy,
· Accuracy
of water footprint data for internal and external communication,
· Improved
reliability thanks to water footprint.
· Water
consumption, improved accountability and prestige as a conscious institution.